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Basic Issues of the Social Question
The Triorganic Social Organism
The Threefold Commonwealth
The Threefold Social Order
The Threefold State
Towards Social Renewal
Rudolf Steiner
(Written in 1919; GA 23)
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Six Versions of this work have appeared in English translation,
each with its own title. All are complete except the one entitled
The Threefold Social Order which is abbreviated.
This work, written late in the life of Rudolf Steiner,
makes use of a threefold analysis of the human individual and
of human society. Man as an individual or in a group functions
basically in three modes: thinking/perceiving, feeling/valuing,
and willing/planning/acting. A unit of functioning, whether a
part of an individual or part of a society has its proper role.
Each role needs a certain respect from other areas if it is to
function properly. Each role should be appropriately related
to the other two roles or functions. In society, the three
partitions are: the cultural-spiritual, the production-economic,
and the “sphere of rights” including legal rights. As the
analysis unfolds, it may be noticed that there is seldom a
“pure case” but there are various mixes with one aspect often
predominataing. The manner in which the three aspects of
society relate to the three aspects of the individual is a
fascinating and intricate one, and one which has an important
bearing on the future of human society.
This is not another “utopia” but a practical suggestion
concerning details which may be incorporated into society one
at a time, from time to time.
The four sections of the book are:
The Nature of the Social Question in the Life of Modern Man
Meeting Social Needs
Capitalism and Creative Social Ideas (Capital and Human Labor)
International Aspects
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GA 23 ... Selections ...
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Mitten in die Nachkriegswirren Europas hinein stellte Steiner im Jahre
1919 seine Ideen über eine radikale Reform des sozialen Lebens.
Grundidee dieser Reform war die Autonomie der drei fundamentalen
Bereiche Ökonomie, Politik/Justiz und Geistesleben/Kultur. Für
eine Weile arbeitete er auf die praktische Realisierung dieser Ideen
hin, aber schon bald wurde klar, dass die sogenannte
“Dreigliederung des sozialen Organismus” noch nicht
möglich war und Steiner zog sich von der praktischen Arbeit in
diesem Bereich zurück. Seine Ideen jedoch waren in den folgenden
Jahrzehnten überaus einflussreich und scheinen heute noch genauso
Geltung zu haben wie damals.
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In the social ferment of postwar Europe in 1919, Steiner presented his
ideas about reforming the basis of society in three fundamental,
autonomous spheres: economic, political/rights, and cultural. For
a short time he worked to bring his ideas into practical application
but it soon became impossible to bring about a “threefold social
order” and he withdrew from the outer work in this area. His
ideas have been worked with over the decades since that time and have
proved to be just as valid today as they were then. This volume is a
presentation of Steiner's central ideas on the threefold nature of
the social organism. Translation by Frank Thomas Smith.
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The books in this area can be compared side by side in the same browser
window. Select any combination of chapters, prefaces, appendixes, etc.,
from any of the editions found here.
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